Fire protection systems help safety exit

Fire protection systems help safety exit

The aircraft rescue, electric scissor rescue are only means additional emergency vehicles, because of in rescue additions, they can help for rescue with small people. whereas the fire protection system of high-rise buildings and stairs is the way to  the save people the most effective.

To find out the reason of fire, Let’s analyse the fire protection systems based on Vietnam standars. The high-rise buildings must be able to "firmly stand and protect themselves" before have the help of fire force.

1. Exit stairways must be fire-compartment according to ISO 5738 - 2001 and ISO 6160 – 1996. All of other technical systems are not permitted in the presence of fire escape stairs except system of creating pressure stair and fire fighting plumbing. In addition, the following factors need to be followed: a) Power supply cables to the booster fan is fire resistant cables, b) pressure axis is  fire cavity and don’t have any other technical pipe inside .

2. According to the ISO 6160 - 1996 and 06-2010 NTR standar, each apartment must have cavity of preventing fire in 45 minutes, in which including baffle walls, doors, and material of preventing fire spread, that positioned at tube, tray ... come in and go out apartments horizontally and vertically. Material preventing fire spread assurance dilatation to seal the hole piercing pipes, cables, preventing the spread of fire through the hole of the pipe. Automatic sprinkler head extinguished a fire in an apartment fire early, limiting incurred smoke and fire alarm signal sent to the fire. So when fire burning in the apartment, it were detained in the apartment for at least 45 minutes, enough time for residents to escape by the stairs to escape and enough police fire (CSPCCC) perform his firefighting duties.

3. ISO 6160 - 1996 standar required have material of preventing fire spread at positions tube, tray ... go through the floor in the vertical and techniques axis. Material preventing fire spread assurance dilatation to seal the hole piercing pipes, cables, preventing the spread of fire from floor to another floor. Automatic sprinkler head extinguished a fire in an apartment fire early, limiting incurred smoke and fire alarm signal sent to the fire.

4. According to the ISO 6160 - 1996 standar,each floor / floor ( floor apartment , office floors , commercial floors , basement ... ) have cavity of preventing fire in 150 minutes, in which including baffle walls, doors, and material of preventing fire spread, that positioned at tube, tray ..., go through the floor in the vertical and techniques axis. Material preventing fire spread assurance dilatation to seal the hole piercing pipes, cables, preventing the spread of fire from floor to another floor. Automatic sprinkler head extinguished a fire in an apartment fire early, limiting incurred smoke and fire alarm signal sent to the fire. So when fire burning in the apartment, it were detained in the apartment for at least 150 minutes, enough time for residents to escape by the stairs to escape and enough police fire perform his firefighting duties.

5. ISO 5738 - 2001 required cabinet fire alarm must be located in a safety position in the control room (the fire compartment) to ensure safety operation during fires time. Power supply cable to the fire alarm must be fire resistant cables or protected against fire.

6.  ISO 7336 - 2003 required for power supply cable to fire pump must be fire resistant cables or protected against fire,as well as fire pump room is room 75 minutes fire resistance.

7. At least one elevator lift to be used for police when have fire, power supply cable to the elevator lift must be fire resistant cable, and elevator pits shall be created shall prevent smoke.

8. Must have smoke extraction system in the basement, exhaust fan is refractory fan, power supply cables to be smoke-or fire-resistant cables are protected against fire

9. Must have automatic sprinkler head, fire walls,automatic fire alarm, fire alarm with emergency button according to theVietnam standards.

10. Oil tank of the generator is compartment of preventing fire

11. The main electrical rooms is compartment of preventing fire

12. Emergency Lights, EXIT lights are available in the working mode.

13. Power supply cable to the fire protection system must be fire resistant cable or protection against fire.

14. When there is a fire or fire signal, automatic sprinkler head will operate to extinguish the fire early limitations arising smoke, all the air handling system should be stopped immediately, turn on emergency lights morning when a power failure, basement exhaust fan starts, the fan voltage startup stairs, elevators stopped running downstairs activities in open state.

15. If the above conditions are complied with standard, when there is a fire, make sure people can fully escape by running down the stairs on the ground floor / out before fire man assisted by means of additional if necessary. The aircraft rescue, electric scissor rescue are only means additional emergency vehicles, because of in rescue additions, they can help for rescue with small people. whereas the fire protection system of high-rise buildings and stairs is the way to  the save people the most effective.

Worldwide, the buildings must achieve the standards mentioned above for people can not escape ladder rescue vehicles to reach 100m and rescue aircraft also used in cases of emergency level!

Additional analysis of construction method and quality supervision for related materials:

1. Beside the insulation function, insulation materials must achieve two important functions, that is not formed flame when burning (or not catch fire) and does not create toxic fumes when burned. Does this issue have not been given due attention?

2. PVC conduit pipes to achieve two important functions that is not formed flame and not produce toxic fumes  when burning.

Before pouring concrete of floor, PVC conduit pipes is constructed under the floor to minimize the risk of fire after this, if not, the construction of floating PVC electrical conduit in the basement and other floors, this is interlaced the cause of the fire and a plus factor if not reach electrical conduit fire prevention standards as stated may explain further the cause of the fire and smoke spread can not be controlled.